ABSTRACT
The Mahabharata by Krishna Dwaipayana Vyasa, made out of two lakh and twenty thousand, sixteen syllabled lines, has been distinguished as the greatest of the world’s legendary works, and, is embedded in the Indian bloods as “the national gallant past” (Bakhtin’s term). Beforehand there was no composed adaptation of The Mahabharata—there may have been a few occaI introductions which were orally sung by the versifiers. The first story of The Mahabharata had a place with a previous period than the hour of its piece. Indeed, the current type of the epic went through numerous augmentations and insertions during a huge range of time. As indicated by numerous advanced students of history, the aggregation of The Mahabharata stretched out over years and years, from 400 B.C. to 400 A.D.
KEYWORDS: Science and technology, Vedic period, Vaimānika Śāstra, pyramid of giza, Stonehenge, Lost civilization, Global flood.
INTRODUCTION
The antiquated epic account Mahabharata is one of India’s extraordinary historical stories, added in the heart of Indian identity and culture. The epic keeps up its status as a socially central book which, aside from philosophical and otherworldly qualities, instructive and strict guidance, contains and scatters beliefs of moral commitment, accepted practices and jobs.
There is an incredible discussion about whether there is any authentic exactness or proof/evidence in the narrative of Mahabharata. This story is amazing to such an extent that it has made various individuals conjecture ‘Did it truly occur? or then again essentially as fiction?’.
It is very obvious that there are a few bits discovered in the Mahabharata which is by all accounts extrapolated. However, this extrapolation couldn’t make any distinct/exact determination so an invented tag might be forced with the Mahabharata. The uncertainty about the accuracy is simply because of some sort of extrapolation as well as the basic gauge set somewhere around unfamiliar scholars who additionally put a question mark to the perusers. They attempted to uphold that the Mahabharata alongside the Puranas and the Vedas, all are created in the advanced age. Be that as it may, this assessment has not yet been set up. It is accepted that the Mahabharata is the most established exemplary of Indian writing and was made by the wise Veda Vyasa.
HYPOTHESIS
Mahabharata is the most staggering story at any point advised to humanity. It structures one of the mainstays of Hindu Dharma and it’s virtues have a tremendous effect on many great individuals. In this thesis, I will be trying to discuss some theoretical and scientific evidences of science and technology from Mahabharata. I will also be trying to prove the existence of giant people at the time of Mahabharata i.e The Devs, The Asurs and The Rakshasas.
RESEARCH QUESTION
- how is it possible that people living 5000 years prior had a particularly progressed level of architecture, science and technology.
- The giant people who were described in mahabharata are real?
Comparative study of Mahabharata with World monuments
Vaimānika Śāstra
While the whole world is persuaded that the Wright brothers were the pioneers of aeronautics, here is a book which depicted India to have had the information on flying vehicles called “Vimanas” from old occasions.
आ नो नावा मतीनां यान् पाराय गन्तवे ........ ॥ ९॥ ऋ० अष्ट० १ । अ० ३ । व० ३४ । मं० २ ॥
कृष्णं नियानं हरयः सुपर्णा अंपो वसाना दिव मुत्पतन्ति ।
त आववृतन्त्सदन....॥१०॥
द्वादश प्रधयश्चक्रमेक त्रीणि नम्यानि क उतच्चिकेत ।
तस्मिन्त्साक त्रिशता न शकवो ऽ पिता घष्टिनं चलाचलास: ॥ ११ ॥ ऋ० अष्ट० २ । अ० ३ । व० २३ । म० १ । २ ॥
(G.R. Josyer, Vymanika Shastra, 1959)
Translation: Just an intelligent people constructed ships to cross oceans.....jumping into space speedily with a craft using fire and water.....containing 12 stamghas (pillars), one wheel, three
machines, 300 pivots, and 60 instruments.The book even produced certain mind boggling details of construction, working of engines, gyroscopic systems which were developed much later in aviation technology. NASA actually undertook an experiment of construction of mercury vortex engines, very similar to what was written in Vaimanika Shastra. Almost 8 chapters of the Vaimanika Shastra deals with the secrets of constructing aeroplanes that cannot be broken or cut, that is indestructible, that is fire resistant. It deals with the secret of making planes motionless and invisible. It deals with the secrets of destroying enemy planes, ascertaining the direction of approach of enemy planes, etc. In the Vaimanika Sastra, we can also see the construction diagrams of vimanas.
Ravana’s well-known aerial aircraft was the Pushpak Vimana. He had used it to abduct Sita to Lanka, and after killing Ravan, Sri Ram returned to Ayodhya in the same Pushpak Vimana with Sita, Lakshman, and Vibhishan. This is detailed in the Ramayana, and it occurred during the Treta Yug. According to Maharshi Bhardwaj, Vimanas were delegated as per the Yugas. During Krita Yuga, Dharma was set up solidly. Every one had daivatva, godlikeness installed in their personality. These characteristics of nobility had engaged some of them from various perspectives. Munis, Maharshis and Rishis had ‘Ashta Shakti’ :
Anima: Ability to be invincible
Mahima: Ability to be of enormous
Garima: Ability to be heavy like rock
Laghima: Ability to be lighter than air
Prathyah: Ability to be contended
Prakamya: Ability to fulfill ones wish
Eshatva: Ability to be divine
Vashitva: Ability to make others surrender. Basically they could expect any structure at some random time. ‘Laghima’ enabled them to be lighter than air and they had the option to suspend and furthermore, travel independently uninhibitedly noticeable all around.As time passed by, they lost the control over their mind and powers. But the question is, was our history filled with such great advanced technologies? Is there any other evidence of those vimanas from other eras or scriptures? Lets consider some other internationally accepted historical monuments.
A. The great pyramid of giza
The passage to the Great Pyramid is on the north side, around 59 feet (18 meters) over the ground level. A slanting hallway plummets from it through the pyramid’s inside stone work, infiltrates the rough soil on which the construction rests, and finishes in an incomplete underground chamber. From the plummeting hall branches a climbing way that prompts a room known as the Queen’s Chamber and to an extraordinary inclining exhibition that is 151 feet (46 meters) in length. At the upper finish of this exhibition, a long and tight entry offers admittance to the entombment room legitimate, as a rule named the King’s Chamber. This room is totally fixed and roofed with stone. From the chamber, two thin shafts run at a slant through the brick work to the outside of the pyramid; it isn’t known whether they were intended for a strict reason or were intended for ventilation. Over the King’s Chamber are five compartments isolated by monstrous flat rock sections, the probable reason for these chunks was to protect the roof of the entombment chamber by redirecting the gigantic push applied by the overlying masses of stone work.
Dating such a monument made of stone was very difficult. Later, Robert M. Schoch, with his geological tests shocked the world. According to his tests, erosions which happened on the walls of the monument would have been caused due to heavy rainfall .i.e. Before 5000 B.C.
The subject of how the pyramids were fabricated has not gotten a completely acceptable answer. The construction of such a great ancient pyramid would never be possible without high level powerful technology.
B. Stonehenge
Stonehenge is a special ancient landmark, lying at the focal point of an extraordinarily rich archeological scene. An uncommon hotspot for the investigation of ancient times, it holds a critical spot in the advancement of paleontology.
The officially accepted built date of this monument is 2400 B.C. Here, developers lifted an expected 80 non-native bluestones, 43 of which remain today, into standing positions and put them in either a horseshoe or round arrangement. During the third period of development, which occurred around 2000 B.C., sarsen sandstone chunks were masterminded into an external sickle or ring; some were gathered into the famous three-pieced structures called trilithons that stand tall in the focal point of Stonehenge. Exactly 50 sarsen stones are presently apparent on the site, which may have contained some more. Investigation of a new laser overview of the stones has uncovered the diverse stone working techniques utilized, and has shown that a few pieces of the landmark were more painstakingly completed than others. Specifically, the north-east side and the internal essence of the focal trilithons were finely dressed.
To fit the upstanding stones with the even lintels, mortice openings and distending joins were made. The lintels were opened together utilizing tongue and furrow joints. These sorts of joint are typically discovered distinctly in carpentry.
Now the question is, how did the creators lift the 70 tons block of stones 30 feet in the air and place it in such a posture with dressings?Without any doubt , it requires complex engineering and It would never be possible without high tech powerful tools.
With all these analysis we can come to a conclusion that during the period of mahabharata i.e around 2300-4000 B.C, we had most technological and highly powerful tools. But the question which arises next is where did all these powerful tools disappear?
Lost civilization: Findings Of Graham Hancock and Dr. Robert Schoch
A 19-mile wide effect cavity was found a large portion of a mile underneath a Greenland ice sheet, offering researchers and archeologists evidence that a mile-wide shooting star affected the planet’s northern ice cap over 12,000 years ago.
The revelation seems to help a quarrelsome hypothesis proposed by specialists, including Graham Hancock and Dr. Robert Schoch, who accepts that a particularly disastrous effect may have cleared out a lost human advancement that originated before the acknowledged timetable of standard paleohistory. As indicated by specialists associated with the investigation, the space rock affected a territory known as the Hiawatha ice sheet, on the northwestern side of Greenland. Going at a speed of 12 miles per second, the iron space rock hammered into the Earth with the power of around 47 million times the energy delivered by Little Boy, the atomic bomb dropped on Hiroshima during WWII. The shooting star positions inside the main 25 biggest shooting stars to at any point have affected the Earth. The power of the effect would have liquefied a lot of ice, causing ocean levels to rise, and flotsam and jetsam to slung high into the air. This residue and debris would have brought about an atomic winter, leaving substantial particulate matter hanging in the climate for many years, prior to settling and permitting daylight to arrive at the planet’s surface once more.
Early proof of such an effect was found in 2015 when researchers saw that ice tests taken from the glacial mass gave indications of an effect. Obviously, around this time temperatures dropped strangely following the finish of the last ice age, tossing Earth’s environment once more into a much more serious ice age known as the Younger Dryas.
Yet, prior to discovering proof of a particularly destructive occasion, researchers were uncertain of what might have caused the uncommon swing in temperature.
Because of the heavy flood and high level ash in the air, Many animals from North America went extinct altogether. The biggest mysteries until this discovery was made about the comet which hit the earth was the reason why all these animals disappeared at the same time 12000 years ago.
One of the most important finding which can again support the above statements are the findings of Denisovan’s tooth. The primary Denisovan individual was recognized in 2010 dependent on mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) removed from an adolescent female finger bone from the Siberian Denisova Cave. One of the pieces went to Svante Paabo, a developmental geneticist at the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology in Leipzig, Germany. His group sequenced its DNA and found that the bone had a place with a heredity unmistakable from present day people and from Neanderthals.
We also came to know that the size of the tooth is three times that of the normal human tooth. Even in mahabharata, It describes about some giant people. Denisovans will probably be one of them. In the great mahabharata war, Bheem’s son ghatotkacha slaughtered two strong rakshasas known as alambala and alayudha. Truth be told, with his huge giant body and power, Ghatotkacha cut off both their heads and tossed it at Duryodhana. This move put Duryodhana and the whole Kaurava camp in extraordinary dread. They began to stress that Ghatotkacha himself may polish off the conflict! Till at that point, their fundamental concern was to endure Bhima and Arjuna. Nonetheless, they currently contemplated whether they will even make due to confront the two Pandavas.
The kauravas then concluded that ghatotkacha must be murdered at any expense. They drew nearer and made a solicitation to karna to utilize his novel ‘Vasavi Shakti-astra’ and murder the rakshasa. As is notable, the ‘shakti’ was given by indra to karna and would work just a single time to kill anybody karna wanted. Be that as it may, the astra would return back when it had its first casualty. It was karna’s longing all through the conflict to utilize it against arjuna at an appropriate event. Here ghatotkacha could be considers as a Denisovans because when they tried the DNA testing to figure out who it belonged to . Shocking results were disclosed stating that tooth belonged to a human being. The tooth was belonged to a human species which we did not know existed till then. As they had to give a new name, they named the species as Denisovans.Even people living in geographical area near the Denisova cave have 2.4 percent Denisovan DNA. We have to go back 40 million years to know to correct answers. With all the evidences which we have collected so far, we can say that the giant people which were mentioned in the mahabharata was real.
CONCLUSION
In this work I have primarily considered archaeological and Scientific information which resulted in the tentative period of the Mahabharata war between 800 BCE and 1200 BCE and before. I have also compared the improvised technologies used during Mahabharata with ancient historical world level monuments and the biological evidence of giant people who said to have lived during that period was also discussed with proof.
All these might be the part of some extrapolation which is very likely as found everywhere in the epic Mahabharata. In this article we have also given some ideas relying mainly on archaeological evidences laid by different eminent archaeologists and from various archaeological research works done by different institutes around the places relevant with the Mahabharata scenario. Though a vivid work is still left for confirmation of the historicity of the Mahabharata, yet we can definitely conclude that the epic Mahabharata contains a lot of historicity behind the screen.
REFERENCES
- G.R. Josyer, 1959, Vymanika Shastra or Science of Aeronotics, 116,International Academy of Sanskrit Research
- H.S.Mukundan, S.M.Deshpanden, H.R.nagendran, A.prabhu and S.P.Govindaraju, 1974, A CRITICAL STUDY OF THE WORK “VYMANIKA SHASTRA”, Indian Institute of Science,Bangalore‐560012.
- Parker Pearson, M 2013 Researching Stonehenge: Theories Past and Present. Archaeology International, No. 16 (2012-2013): 72-83
- M.Robert Schoch, 2012, Forgotten Civilization: The Role of Solar Outbursts in Our Past and Future, Simon & Schuster; Illustrated edition,384
- Robert Scott Hussey-Pailos, Construction Of The Top Of The Egyptian Pyramids:An experimental test of a levering device, 2005, University Of Florida
- A.V. Zubova, T.A. Chikisheva, and M.V. Shunkov, 2017, The Morphology of Permanent Molars from the Paleolithic Layers of Denisova Cave,Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences,Pr. Akademika Lavrentieva 17, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia